Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a substance that has been shown to protect the brain against cognitive decline. It is also known to protect against inflammation, and oxidative stress. This is a result of its ability to trigger the production of new mitochondria and reduce free radicals in the brain.
Pyrroloquinoline quinone was first identified in bacteria as an enzymatic cofactor. After being synthesised from 4,5-dioxo-4,5,6,7,8,9-hexahydroquinoline-7,9-dicarboxylic acid, PQQ undergoes an eight-electron oxidation. In addition to antioxidant properties, pyrroloquinoline quinone is believed to be able to inhibit thioredoxin reductase, which is a protein that causes cells to lose their ability to produce energy. The molecule can also bind to proteins using a schiff base, which is a spontaneous reaction between an amino acid and a carboxylic acid.
Because of the antioxidant capabilities of Pyrroloquinoline quinone, it is said to be a very potent anti-inflammatory. Studies have shown that it can lower nitric oxide levels in the blood. Moreover, Pyrroloquinoline quinone has been shown to decrease cholesterol levels, triglycerides, and bad LDL. As a result, it can be used as a supplement to prevent cardiovascular events. Among other benefits, it can promote sleep and reduce inflammatory response.
The substance can be found in both human and animal tissue. Several studies have reported its effects on various metabolic functions, including boosting the production of nerve growth factor. Nerve growth factor is a protein that helps neurons branch out and grow. When PQQ interacts with quinoproteins, it is able to activate the PGC-1a signaling pathway. Since PQQ is capable of regulating the expression of genes, it may play an important role in helping to keep the body healthy and young.
Pyrroloquinoline quinone can also protect against cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes. Research has found that this substance can repair damage caused by a stroke, as well as reduce the risk of cardiac ischemic events. In fact, a study by Zhang et al. in the Food Style journal suggested that pqq has neuroprotective properties.
Another positive effect of pqq is its ability to promote cell signaling pathways, which are critical in supporting cell growth. For instance, pqq can trigger the production of the protein peroxisome proliferator-activator gamma coactivator, which is an essential part of the process that allows for the production of new mitochondria. Similarly, pqq can enhance the production of a substance called CREB, which regulates cellular signaling pathways.
Despite its positive features, the compound has also been linked with several negative side effects. Some of these include hypersensitivity, headaches, and anxiety. There have also been reports of death in rats when they were given higher doses of pqq. Therefore, it is best to speak to a health care practitioner before taking a pyrroloquinoline quinone supplement.
Whether or not the compounds’ uses are beneficial or harmful, researchers are interested in researching them in a variety of ways. This is especially true since human beings are becoming more and more concerned about their mental fitness. That’s because it’s believed that chronic irritation is a major contributing factor in many health problems.