PQQ is a highly potent antioxidant. It can reduce inflammation, protect against stroke, and improve brain health. While there is a lack of solid data regarding PQQ, there are a number of animal studies that indicate some positive benefits.

The first study to report PQQ’s neuroprotective activity was conducted by Jensen and colleagues. They used a carotid ligation procedure to investigate the impact of PQQ on the brain. This approach is not without risk, but it is perfectly legal.

The researchers found that PQQ protects the brain against neurological damage caused by high blood sugar and high blood pressure. PQQ also acts as an antioxidant to protect cells from oxidative damage. However, more research is needed to determine its long-term effect on human health.

In addition to its antioxidant properties, PQQ may have beneficial effects on brain energy metabolism. A study in older adults found that PQQ improved regional blood flow and attenuated cognitive decline.

Moreover, PQQ appears to act as a protective agent against liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride. It also appears to have protective effects against mercury-induced liver injury in rats.

Studies have shown that PQQ is absorbed from a variety of foods and vegetables. While the amount of PQQ in these food sources is low, it can be obtained through dietary supplements.

Doses of up to 240 mg/person/day are considered safe for humans. However, more research is needed to determine how much PQQ is necessary for healthy aging.